FOREX– Swiss Precision - Scandinavian Quality: currency pair

Thursday, November 6, 2008

Forex Trading involves buying one currency in a currency pair, by selling the other. So if one is trading in EUR/USD, the trade may involve buying EUR by selling USD at the current market rate or vice-versa. Similarly buying EUR in EUR/GBP would require GBP to be sold.

Unlike options or stocks which have lots of companies that can be traded on, the forex market has got limited currency combinations which can be used to place the trades.

Despite this, often people wonder which currency pairs should be chosen for trading? Should it be USD based or should it be the one that is heavily volatile or should it be some other?

Lets look at few parameters which can be used to decide -

1. What is the pip spread involved - The biggest factor to be considered is the spread between the currencies. In layman's terms, Spread is a difference between the sell price and the ask price of forex currency pairs as given by the forex broker.

In other words, it is a commission of the broker or agent through which the trades are made. The lower the spread, the better it is for the forex trader
. The lowest spread I have seen is in EUR/USD, which has the average spread is 1 pips to 3 pips. Typically a spread of upto 5-6 pips is good enough to trade.

2. What is the liquidity? - The more the liquidity, that means the higher is the amount of money being traded on that currency pair. So, this eventually means that that particular currency pair moves a lot in a the trading sessions. Its better to trade on such from a day trading perspective as the trades don't need to be kept open for a longer time. I have seen that the GBP/USD is heavily liquidated. On average it moves about 100-150 pips everyday. This is followed by EUR/USD and USD/CHF.

3. How does the currency pair behaves? - Does it move technically or is it primarily fundamental driven? The one that is primarily fundamental driven doesn't has much regard for technical analysis. I have seen JPY (Yen) as one such currency which is heavily fundamental analysis
driven.

So, these are the some factors that can be used in identifying the currency pairs to be traded on. Though these factors are not an exhaustive list, they can be used as minimum basic rules. The pip spread is one important criteria. The lower, the better it is. However the currency pair should also be sufficiently liquidated as this means that there will be significant pips movement during a trading day.
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3. ForexGen offers Forex trading in the major currency pairs and crosses.
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Tuesday, November 4, 2008

The instrument traded by Forex traders and investors are currency pairs. A currency pair is the exchange rate of one currency over another. The most traded currency pairs are:

USD/CHF: Swiss franc
GBP/USD: Pound
USD/CAD: Canadian dollar
USD/JPY: Yen
EUR/USD: Euro
AUD/USD: Aussie

These six currency pairs generate up to 85% of the overall volume in the Forex market. So, for instance, if a trader goes long on the Euro, she or he is simultaneously buying the EUR and selling the USD. If the same trader goes short or sells the Aussie, she or he is simultaneously selling the AUD and buying the USD.

The first currency of each currency pair is referred as the base currency, while second currency is referred as the counter or quote currency. Each currency pair is expressed in units of the counter currency needed to get one unit of the base currency. If the price or quote of the EUR/USD is 1.2545, it means that 1.2545 US dollars are needed to get one EUR.

Bid/Ask Spread
All currency pairs are commonly quoted with a bid and ask price. The bid (always lower than the ask) is the price your broker is willing to buy at, thus the trader should sell at this price. The ask is the price your broker is willing to sell at, thus the trader should buy at this price.

EUR/USD 1.2645/48 or 1.2645/8

The bid price is 1.2645

The ask price is 1.2648

A Pip
A pip is the minimum incremental move a currency pair can make. A pip stands for price interest point. A move in the EUR/USD from 1.2545 to 1.2560 equals 15 pips. And a move in the USD/JPY from 112.35 to 113.40 equals 105 pips.
Margin Trading (leverage)
In contrast with other financial markets where you require the full deposit of the amount traded, in the Forex market you require only a margin deposit. The rest will be granted by your broker.

The leverage provided by some brokers goes up to 400:1. This means that you require only 1/400 or .25% in balance to open a position (plus the floating gains/losses.) Most brokers offer 100:1, where every trader requires 1% in balance to open a position.

The standard lot size in the Forex market is $100,000 USD.

For instance, a trader wants to get long one lot in EUR/USD and he or she is using 100:1 leverage.

To open such position, he or she requires 1% in balance or $1,000 USD.

Of course it is not advisable to open a position with such limited funds in our trading balance. If the trade goes against our trader, the position is to be closed by the broker. This takes us to our next important term.
Margin Call
A margin call occurs when the balance of the trading account falls below the maintenance margin (capital required to open one position, 1% when the leverage used is 100:1, 2% when leverage used is 50:1, and so on.) At this moment, the broker sells off (or buys back in the case of short positions) all your trades, leaving the trader "theoretically" with the maintenance margin.

Most of the time margin calls occur when money management is not properly applied.

How are the mechanics of a Forex trade?
The trader, after an extensive analysis, decides there is a higher probability of the British pound to go up. He or she decides to go long risking 30 pips and having a target (reward) of 60 pips. If the market goes against our trader he/she will lose 30 pips, on the other hand, if the market goes in the intended way, he or she will gain 60 pips. The actual quote for the pound is 1.8524/27, 4 pips spread. Our trader gets long at 1.8530 (ask). By the time the market gets to either our target (called take profit order) or our risk point (called stop loss level) we will have to sell it at the bid price (the price our broker is willing to buy our position back.) In order to make 40 pips, our take profit level should be placed at 1.8590 (bid price.) If our target gets hit, the market ran 64 pips (60 pips plus the 4 pip spread.) If our stop loss level is hit, the market ran 30 pips against us.

It’s very important to understand every aspect of forex trading. Start first from the very basic concepts, then move on to more complex issues such as Forex trading systems, trading psychology, trade and risk management, and so on. And make sure you master every single aspect before adventuring in a live trading account.

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